Patient Safety First

When in doubt, escalate to a human.

This principle guides every interaction in AI-assisted healthcare. No efficiency gain is worth compromising patient safety.

Triage is the process of determining the urgency of patient needs. In AI systems, triage happens automatically with every message.

Severity Levels

| Level | Description | AI Action | |-------|-------------|-----------| | Critical | Life-threatening emergency | Immediate emergency instructions + escalation | | High | Urgent medical concern | Flag for rapid human review | | Medium | Non-urgent but significant | Schedule follow-up | | Low | General health inquiry | AI can handle independently |

Emergency Keywords

• Chest pain, difficulty breathing, stroke symptoms
• Suicidal thoughts, self-harm, overdose
• Severe bleeding, loss of consciousness
• Allergic reactions (anaphylaxis signs)

Contextual Red Flags

• Sudden worsening of chronic conditions
• Medication interactions or adverse reactions
• Vulnerable populations (elderly, children, pregnant)
• Mental health crises

When AI detects a potential emergency:

1. Acknowledge the severity immediately
2. Provide emergency contact information (108/112 in India)
3. Instruct on immediate safety measures
4. Alert human staff through the escalation system
5. Document the interaction for review

HITL means a human reviews AI decisions before they reach the patient, especially for:

• Medication recommendations
• Diagnosis suggestions
• Treatment plan changes
• High-risk patient communications

HITL Best Practices

1. Review Queue: Staff should check escalations every 15-30 minutes
2. Priority Sorting: Critical cases surface first
3. Context Preservation: AI provides full conversation history
4. Feedback Loop: Staff can correct AI mistakes for learning

• False Negative Rate: Emergencies AI missed (should be near 0%)
• Escalation Response Time: How quickly staff respond
• Patient Satisfaction: Safety should not compromise experience
• Near-Miss Reports: Document close calls for improvement

📚 Learn More

• Explore patient safety frameworks with ChatGPT
• Discuss healthcare AI ethics with Claude